Improvement in cultivators



each ata right angle with the main parts, and

UNrTnn Startsv PATENT OFFICE.

JOSHUAGrIBBS, OF NEWARK, OHIO.

||v| Peovi-:M ENT IN cuLTlvAToRs'.

Speciiication forming part ol' Letters PateutNo. 18,739, dated December 1, 1857.

To all whom it may cof/tecra Be it known that I, JOSHUA Grens, of Newark,in the county of Licking and State ot' Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Gultivator; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ot' the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a side view ot' my improvement. Fig. 2 is a plan or top view of same. Fig. 3 is a viewpof two ot" the shares attached to the bars of the frame, so as to throw the earth outward at eac-h side of the machine.

Similarletters ot' reference indicate corresponding parts in the three igures.

The object ofthe invention is to provide an implement which will be extremely durable, easily kept in repair, and one that may be adapted to all purposes or modes of culture vpracticed for hoed crops and plowing in small grain.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A A represent two .iron bars of rectangular form and of a proper size. The frontmends of these bars are connected, and a hook, a, is attached thereto, to which the draft-chain or whifetree is secured. The two bars A A are spread or bent out from each other a short distance from the extreme end where the hook a is attached, as shown atb b, Fig. 2, and said bars then run slightly out of parallel a certain distance, as shown at c c, and are bent outward from each other, as shown at d cl, and then are bent parallel with each other, as shown at c e. The bars are then bent obliquely upward, as shown atj'j', and a handle, B, is attached to each partj. The two parts ff are connected by atransverse iron bar,g, which gives a proper stiffness to the frame otl the implement, which is comprised wholly of the bars AA and bar g. The bar g passes through the lower ends ofthe handles and also serves to secure them to the frame. The upper ends of the partsfare benthave two or more holes made through, the bolts h passing through either of said holes. The handles B, it will be seen, may be raised or lowered, as occasion may require, according as the bolts h are adjusted.

metal plates j are secured to the bars by means of bolts lr, which pass through the plates and also through the bars A. The upper ends of these plates are bent over, so as to form a lip, as shown at Z, said lip bearing on the upper surfaces of the bars and serving to sustain the plates in proper position.

O represents the shares. These shares may be made of steel-plate, of an equal width during their entire length and bend or curve, so as to form a segment of a spiral thread; or they maybe described as being curved, so as to form a portion ot' a thread of a screw about half of a revolution. The upper and lower ends ofthe shares have sharp cutting-edges. The shares are connected at their centers to the plates j by bolts m. rlhe lower parts of the plates j are curved, so as to conform to the shape of the shares and allow the shares `to t snugly to the plates. The shares, by changing the plates) from one side ofthe frame to the other, maybe made to throw the earth either inward or toward the center of the implement or throw it outward from each side of the implement. In Fig. 2 the shares are adjusted to throw the earth inward. In Fig. 3 two shares are shown in the reverse position, so as to throw the earth outward from each side ofthe machine. sequently it will be seen that the earth may be thrown either toward or from the plates, and when one cutting-edge of the shares becomes dull by use it may be reversed, the upper edges Through the bars A A holes lare made, and

turned down, and the lower ordull edges turned up, so that fresh or new shares are in fact obtained. In consequence of the parts c c of the bars A A being slightly out ot' parallel or made gradually to approach each other from their back to their front ends, the two front shares may, by being adjusted or moved on said parts oc, be brought nearer together or farther apart, as occasion may require.

By having the shares O constructed of the form described they may be readily kept in repair, for, when necessary, they maybe detached with the greatestfacility, sharpened or repaired, and attachedagaintothe machine. Moreshares may be added to the machine by forming more bends on the bars.A A.

I am aware that adjustable and reversible shares have been heretofore used, and I do not claim broadly to be-the inventor of them. I especially disclaim whatever there may be in Gonmy device which resembles any portion of J. L. Eastmans patent, June 30, 1836, R..H. Springsteads patent, February 12, 1845, and A. Lelands patent, J anu ary 2, 1849; but,

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent- As an improved article of manufacture, a cultvator constructed as herein described-viz., having its frame A made of Wrought-iron in 

